Arc-light electrode.



' UNITED STATES PATENT 'oEEiCE vISIXJB LADOPF, O1 CLEVELAND. OHIO, ASSIGNOB QF THIRTYAQHEHUNDRLDTHB TO i i YHILIP C. PECK, OF NEW YORK. N. Y. i

Bpeotcntton o! Letten) tent.

A33-LIGHT ELECTRODE.'

"utented Feb. 8, 1910 Appiano aan mambo i4. isos. 'semi n. .,i'ifssn.

. ini; drawings.

.'l'he ob'cct of my present. invention i.i to produce, or use in apparatus for Producing the arc li 1ht, an upper pencil, or anode, which can more satisfactorily, economically. and efficiently employed than heretofore with i\.lo\\er or cathode conaisting of, or largely containing. ferrie and titanic inaterinln. Notwithatandiii the many advantages of auch lowers, ani numerous expedients heretofore devised, mechanical or constitutioiinl, or both the fact. reaia'ns that auch lowers presen whether in direct. or alternating ciiricnt. special aiid difleiilt problems, ini re ardu welding, flickering of the nrc, ete. .ly researches hiivli 'demonstrated that the anode. as an upper, and particularly its mastitution, plays a mont iiu' portant part in the solution of Said prob cina, and that to overcome tlio`disai vito tages incident to mie of ferrie and titanic iiiittei'inln-in large pro ortionii in the lowe or olthode in, .neraliy `iipeaking1 require an upper, anote; having (l) a lvery high melting point to overconienelding of the pencils during. fecdingg (9.) a straight line. temperature electmmotive-force curve to steady the. are; (3)' good conductivity at. ordniirv temperatures; (4)1the least pineablc tendency 'to oxidize at ordinary'teinperatures, and sli) the, ca iacity to give oft iro'dnctii of'oxit ation in tlie are which are iairly :.'oodfconductora at ordinary temperatura inl ir/dei' that the arcanoy be started again readily after its extinction. l lly means of prolon d and numerous cxpci'iinenta and tests with n multitude of different. substancia, variously combined, l have finally dii-covered that an tippen oompmcd of., or'containing.. predoinmatinglv. the alloy of' nickel and chromium, possesses. in unich higher degree than-any with ivhich l am acquainted. all of the above mentioned. illid other. i-lcsitiihle qualities.,when burned in tho'ai-c. lamp in coinblnation with a loiret' comimscd ot', or prel'ioiuleratinizly containing, ferrie and titanic materials, and contributes in consequence in auch connection to production of a nteadier, more luminous. more continuous. longer-lived, :in-l more easil)y started ari: than heretofore. 'lo said result the peculiar rcspectivcharacteristic qoalitics'and properties of the said two nietalsnickel and chromium. and their ri peetire behavior-i in thc cin-ront, and thi pthtiea and proportiel of their reaiiltantsi iithe aro when used in: cnodes in combimtin with eathodes of ferrie and titanic niatetials. all ,'ointly contribute, the said result beingf as have found, unattainable by either of said last. mentioned metals nihen used alone or in combination with any other available substances with which I am ilcquainted. I construct my said novel anode out of the alloy of nickel and chromium, various methods of producing which are now well understood by those skilled in the art, aa for instance hy coaneltiiig nickel ano chromium under the high tem iernt'ures of an electric. furnace, or the. aai ull may now he airchmied nii a well-known a'r icle in the marliet. I either iio co-inelt nickel and chromium in desired proportions and tap the. molten product into molds of the shape required for my Said anode, or melt nickel` and chromium. iii desired proportions, by;

application thereto ot'.rcquired temperature, in any convenient ni'aniicr. and lfterthe molten ingredients have been thoroughly' conglomerati-d.with each other, by any con venient means-i, similarly cast the product into said molds. The resistive properties of my iencilii inay he increased as desired, within limits. h v increasing the. proportion of chromium.

In arc light systems operated onv constant, potential linea it will be advuntageousto use, in in v said upper said alloy containing comparatively more chromium than on constant current. systems, i. e. say from 20': to 50?, chromium in the former. and any from 10"; to .2 of' chromium in the lato-r. the remaining per cent. ol' nickel. Aa a'iziiide for usual practice l will .Hav that l have found alloys in which the nickel content varies from t 50i?. and this chromium content from 10S/2. m50??- to be most etloctive and desirable.

'l`hc coiiatitntion` characterieitica and behavior of my Haid'novel anode are Such that its consumption, when used in the connection mentioned, is extremely blow, being at being in each instance' le of e proxunntely 50 hours, und I size my the rale of one inch o( its, length in from i uw mum-.uml us xmml in einem uilh n 5010100 lwuri Icling l0 dil C0nwww nf rlmrlruul l-nvrgv nm nlm u.

neatly I 8nd it convenient., an prefer- Winn l .-lnhn as m-w n'ml Imis-v n .we-ure '5- drin! form in :bout the proportion of 11/16 l. In un appar-aim for prodm-mg :lm un: 25 inch diameu-.r bj inches long. I refer the light nu upper iencil ur nnmlv mmpml of proportions mentioned because l ne lower, the alloy of nhvl uhh flu-omini". cathode, composed of ferrie und titanic ma- L'. ln an apparatus for prmhu-ng dw un: teriall, employed b 'me have nu average life light nu upper puuvil 0r unmh: mmprixin v u prvgmndvrulm nl' Ilm gillny uf anvkvl unil 30 no? anode so. to insure a chungo of same vhromimn. at each trimmin of the lamp. I il. ln un uppuruim for pnnlm-hig zlw mv: Referring to (be drawings, A indicates an light un upper pmwil m' munie mmuiniug u arq lamp 0f usual form undrovidcd with preponderanm- (if the alloy nf nickel uml .g 15 die usual feed devices, etc., my said upvhrnmium.

' r pencil o'r anode composed of or com l. pgisng the alloy of nickel' and chromium. "DUR LAUGH E the negative pencilor electrode composed \\ime,-v'os: of or com rising ferrie and tilnnicinntqrial.-. lmui lmfxc, :.'o The penci s are, of course, to be understood G. ,\h:.\.-uues.

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